In June 2024, an innovative project led by Mr. Muhammad Arrofiq, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., was launched at the Instrumentation and Control Laboratory of Universitas Gadjah Mada’s Vocational School. This project focuses on developing a conveyor system that sorts items based on their height using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). This groundbreaking system aims to enhance sorting efficiency, contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly in education and technology.
The conveyor system was designed to transport items toward a single exit. However, some processes require multiple exit points depending on the categories of the items being sorted. The research team successfully implemented an effective guiding mechanism that adjusts the direction of items on the conveyor belt as needed.
Measuring 80 cm in length and 15 cm in width, the conveyor provides a compact yet highly efficient solution for sorting tasks. The guiding mechanism is driven by a pneumatic cylinder actuator connected to a hinge. When the actuator’s piston rod extends, the guide becomes active and redirects items toward their designated exit. When the piston rod retracts, the guide deactivates, allowing items to continue along their original path.
The movement of the piston rod is controlled by managing pressurized airflow into the cylinder. This is done using a directional valve, allowing precise airflow control. Extensive tests were conducted to identify the optimal pressure range for the pneumatic actuator, revealing that the guiding mechanism operates smoothly when air pressure is maintained between 5 and 14 psi.
Beyond its practical engineering application, this conveyor system serves as an invaluable educational tool for students in electrical engineering and informatics. By working on hands-on projects like this, students gain practical experience that enhances their theoretical knowledge, aligning with SDGs on quality education.
Moreover, the project highlights the importance of incorporating technology into educational settings. The use of PLCs and pneumatic systems in the conveyor’s design provides students with insights into modern automation techniques, equipping them for future careers in engineering and technology. The collaboration between faculty and students fosters a culture of innovation and problem-solving.
As the project progresses, the research team plans to explore further enhancements to the conveyor system, including the integration of sensors and advanced control algorithms. These improvements could increase sorting efficiency and accuracy, making the system applicable in various industrial environments.
In conclusion, the height-based sorting conveyor system developed at UGM represents a significant advancement in automation and engineering education. By focusing on practical applications and real-world challenges, the project not only contributes to technological progress but also empowers the next generation of engineers to solve complex problems with innovative solutions.